Miles waterhoitse



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Leiters .Potent 1Y0. 78,559, dated June 2, 1868.

IMPBOVED APPARATUS FOB DYEING.

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'IO A LL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Bc it known that I, MILES WA'renuocs-e, of Passaic, in the county of' Passaic, in the Ststeof New Jersey, have invented certain ne` and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Dyeing: and I hereby declare the follo'ing to bc s full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters oirefercnce marked thereon.

Figure I is a sectional elevation of the dye-vat, with its supplemental perforated bottom, and steam Ind iiquid-pipes, all to be further hereinafter described.

Figure II is a sectional horizontal plan, taken on the line a.-

Figure III is a top or horizontal view of the dye-vat. l

To the ordinary dye-vat A, having a perforated or supplemental bottom, B, elevated a short distance above thc bottom of the vat, I attach one or more liquid or vomiting-tubes, C, into the lower ends of which I introduce the nozzles of the steam-tubes D D. These tubes are connected properly to a stcam-boiler at any convenient distance, and supplied with valves proper for the admission and control ofthe steam. I put sucient water, and such drugs or dye-stull's as are necessary, for the colors to be produced, into the bottom of the ut, the liquid rising s littlcway above the supplemental bottom. I then pack the wool, yarns, cloth, or otherv material to be dyed into the vat above the supplemental bottom, as solidly as they can be trodden by men. I then turn on the steam, which, discharged from the nozzles 1)' 1)', acts in the manner of an ejection-pump upon the liquid bolo' the supplemental bottom, and forces it upwards and outwards at the nozzles E E of the vomiting-pipes, falling on the exposedsurfacc of the material being dyed.

By the displacement of the liquid bcncath the supplemental bottom, n partial vacuum is produced; and the atmospheric pressure, acting on thc upper surface of thc goods. and fluids projected thereon by the nozzles E E, frrces those fluids down through the goods, towards the vacuous space, beneath the supplemental bottom; and thus, so long as steam is admitted', a circulation ofthe liquid dyc-stu`s down through the goods, and up through the vomiting-tubes may be continued.

I find in practice that the oxygen necessary to thc production of certain colors, and which is absorbed from thc atmosphere by exposure of the goods, during thc ordinary process of dyeing, to the action of the nir, muy le communicated without such exposure anil handling necessary thereto, by successive exposures of the duid d ve in small or divided streams to the sume influence. and repeatedly passing the liquid through the goods, ll

and in the manner before described.

Bv this process and arrangement I cect a great economy in both the mordant-salts and the coloring-matters,

as much less water requires to be impregnated with those coloring-matters and salts. and, after completion, the residue is so small as scarcely tobc appreciable. I also effect an economy in fuel, as it is necessary to heat only a small volume of water in order to dye a very large vatful of material. The economy in labor I also nd is quite considerable, as no stirring or handling during the process is necessary. I also find that the coloris imparted to the goods iu a more even and perfect manner, and that no tangling or matting of bres or yarns il the result, as is the case by thc ordinary methods of dyeing.

I claim thc combination and arrangement of thc several parte, substantially as and for-the purposes shown d d 'b d. i M1 2SC e MILES WATERHOUSE.

Witnesses:

K. Hours, M. Bours. 

